A unique blend of two iconographic traditions of her image, this brass statue represents four-armed Saraswati, the goddess of learning, literature, arts, music and creative faculties of mind. Except as in the Rig-Veda where she is perceived as Vak, meaning ‘the spoken’ or that which emits from throat, that the Vedic literature interprets as the ‘mantra-shakti’ : inherent power of the ‘mantra’ or sacred syllable, or except as in early texts where as Mahasaraswati she has been perceived also as the goddess of the battlefield, Saraswati now for centuries represents the creative aspect of cosmos and is worshipped primarily as the goddess of learning who sharpens intellect and enables it learn faster and the utmost.
Obviously, a goddess with Vedic origin in popular worship till right today, Saraswati : the image and scriptural perception, as also the other components of her image : appearance, mount, attributes etc., has undergone a series of changes and now her image, especially her attributes and the style and character of her seat, has wide range of variations. In this image, too, there merge two of the major traditions, one, related to lotus as her seat, an essential element of her iconographic perception and the main thrust of her image under this tradition, and the other, ‘vina’ being one of the attributes she carried in hands and played on, believed to emit a melody that filled with nectar the pot, symbolic of mind. Under this other tradition, she is often ‘Hansaroorha’ : mounting a goose. The texts perceiving in lotus the main essence of her image laud her as ‘Asina kamala karairjjapabatim padmadhyam pustabam bivrana', that is, the goddess is seated on a lotus and carries in her four hands 'japamala', two lotuses in two of them, and a manuscript in the fourth.
The artist of this metal-cast has borrowed from this tradition the lotus seat and in two of the four hands, ‘japamala’ – rosary, and ‘pustaka’ – book. The two lotuses in her other two hands have been alternated with a ‘vina’, an element of the other tradition under which she blesses her devotees : ‘Vidyaveenamratam’, that is, with the nectar of learning that she produces as melodies born of her lyre.
Thus a blend of two traditions, this representation of Saraswati is Kamalasana : the lotus-seated and has been conceived as carrying the 'japamala' and a manuscript, but the artist has preferred alternating the two lotuses, scheduled to be carried in other two hands, with ‘vina’, an attribute from the other domain, instead of repeating the lotuses which as the seat of the goddess already has a mighty presence. It is his obvious and well considered effort to multiply the aura of the image. She has been cast as playing on 'vina', suggestive of its emitting the melody filling the ‘pot’ with the ‘nectar’ : that is, the mind with transcendental delight.
In subsequent iconographic perceptions, as different Puranas made, goddess Saraswati has been attributed different other seats and mounts ranging from peacock, swan, ram to lion but among them lotus ever had the status of her classic ‘asana’ – seat, and always had greater significance. Her accepted position as Brahma’s consort, most Puranas prescribe for her some of the same attributes as Brahma’s, ‘japamala’ and ‘pustaka’ in particular, the same as she is carrying in this image. In Brahma’s iconography lotus has a different kind of significance. The Brahma’s emergence after the Great Deluge from Vishnu’s navel riding a lotus is a unanimously accepted position in Puranas. Obviously, Saraswati, his consort, has also been conceived as lotus-seated like him.
In its casting skill, adherence to texts and art-merit this brass statue has the look of a medieval masterpiece. In its sensitive treatment of the figure’s iconography and anatomy : elongated eyes shut as absorbed in the melody that her ‘vina’ is producing, prominent eye-lashes, sharp nose, small cute lips, receding chin, heavy neck, temptingly protruding breasts with nipples artistically framed within a circular ring, long arms, well defined fingers, bottle-neck like narrow belly-part, tall legs suggestive of the figure’s length the statue rises to the same art-level as the art of Chola and Pala bronze casting.
In its iconography, figure’s length and other dimensions, style of adornment, especially the large towering crown the statue pursues the South Indian art models. The statue is unique in its emotional bearing reflecting on the face of the figure, in revealing on lips a gentle smile, in gesticulating fingers that seem to weave a melody on the strings of the instrument and in portraying her vigorous perpetual youth bursting out from the glow of her face and rising breasts. Except what her ornaments have concealed her figure above her waist is left unclad.
This description by Prof. P.C. Jain and Dr. Daljeet. Prof. Jain specializes on the aesthetics of literature and is the author of numerous books on Indian art and culture. Dr. Daljeet is the curator of the Miniature Painting Gallery, National Museum, New Delhi. They have both collaborated together on a number of books.
How to keep a Brass statue well-maintained?
Brass statues are known and appreciated for their exquisite beauty and luster. The brilliant bright gold appearance of Brass makes it appropriate for casting aesthetic statues and sculptures. Brass is a metal alloy composed mainly of copper and zinc. This chemical composition makes brass a highly durable and corrosion-resistant material. Due to these properties, Brass statues and sculptures can be kept both indoors as well as outdoors. They also last for many decades without losing all their natural shine.
Brass statues can withstand even harsh weather conditions very well due to their corrosion-resistance properties. However, maintaining the luster and natural beauty of brass statues is essential if you want to prolong their life and appearance.
In case you have a colored brass statue, you may apply mustard oil using a soft brush or clean cloth on the brass portion while for the colored portion of the statue, you may use coconut oil with a cotton cloth.
Brass idols of Hindu Gods and Goddesses are especially known for their intricate and detailed work of art. Nepalese sculptures are famous for small brass idols portraying Buddhist deities. These sculptures are beautified with gold gilding and inlay of precious or semi-precious stones. Religious brass statues can be kept at home altars. You can keep a decorative brass statue in your garden or roof to embellish the area and fill it with divinity.
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