Science and Technology in Ancient India

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Indian science has come a long way from the sculpture of the bronze dancer and the advanced urbanization found in the Indus Valley Civilization to the exploration of the surface of the moon. Today, India is famous all over the world due to ISRO, DRDO, IT sectors, but ancient India was also advanced from the point of view of science and technology. India has achieved significant achievements in the fields of Mathematics, Physics, and Medicine in ancient India. Indus Valley Civilization was a business-oriented civilization. Therefore, weighing systems were developed there. According to archaeologists, in the Indus Valley Civilization, a system of scale ratio of 16 was developed. The Yajurveda describes numbers up to 10 Kharab. The most prevalent number of the decimal system (0 to 9) in the present world was invented in India. The description of the innumerable (Infinity) is firstly found In the Jain text "Anuyogdwar" Geometry is described in Vedang literature. The knowledge of the description of trigonometry in Varahamihira's 'Surya Siddhanta' (sixth century), Brahmagupta also provided sufficient information on trigonometry and he also constructed a sine table. Famous mathematicians like Aryabhata, Brahmagupta, Bhaskaracharya, Sridharacharya, etc. also had great proficiency in algebra. The work reveals an inner consistency by examining the entire science and technology development in ancient India.

Angad Godbole holds a Ph.D. in Archaeology, with a specialization in ancient Indian civilizations. With his vast knowledge and expertise, Godbole currently serves as a professor of Archaeology, where he educates students about the scientific heritage of ancient India. As an author, Godbole's writing offers profound insights into various aspects of science and technology in ancient India. His research encompasses a wide range of topics, including civil engineering in the Indus Valley Civilization, the discovery of zero and the development of mathematical science, the Ayurveda as a traditional knowledge system, science in the Veda, iron technology and engineering, and the ancient knowledge of science and technology. Godbole's contributions to the field extend beyond his scholarly writings. He actively participates in research projects. collaborating with fellow scholars to further the understanding of science and technology in ancient India. Recognized for their outstanding contributions, Godbole has received numerous accolades and awards for his research and scholarly endeavors.

Pranav Chandavarkar is a research scholar who has made significant contributions to the exploration of Science and Technology in Ancient India. With a deep passion for uncovering the scientific heritage of ancient civilizations, Chandavarkar has dedicated his career to researching and shedding light on the remarkable advancements made in the field of science and technology in ancient India. Chandavarkar holds a Ph.D. in Archaeology, specializing in ancient Indian civilizations. Chandavarkar's expertise extends beyond their role as an author. He actively engages in research projects and collaborations, working alongside fellow scholars to deepen the understanding of science and technology in ancient India. His research findings have been presented at international conferences, seminars, and workshops, where Chandavarkar has shared his knowledge and insights with the academic community.

At present, relatively better development is being done in the technology of India, but ancient India was also advanced from the point of view of science. Indian science has come a long way from the sculpture of the bronze dancer and the advanced urbanization found in the Indus Valley Civilization to the exploration of the surface of the moon. Today, India is famous all over the world due to ISRO, DRDO, IT sectors, but ancient India was also advanced from the point of view of science and technology. India has achieved significant achievements in the fields of Mathematics, Physics, and Medicine in ancient India. Indus Valley Civilization was a business-oriented civilization. Therefore, weighing systems were developed there. According to archaeologists, in the Indus Valley Civilization, a system of scale ratio of 16 was developed. The Yajurveda describes numbers up to 10 Kharab. The most prevalent number of the decimal system (0 to 9) in the present world was invented in India. The description of the innumerable (Infinity) is firstly found In the Jain text "Anuyogdwar" Geometry is described in Vedang literature. The knowledge of the description of trigonometry in Varahamihira's 'Surya Siddhanta' (sixth century), Brahmagupta also provided sufficient information on trigonometry and he also constructed a sine table. Famous mathematicians like Aryabhata, Brahmagupta, Bhaskaracharya, Sridharacharya, etc. also had great proficiency in algebra. The greatest achievement in the field of algebra was Brahmagupta's solution of the square equation. Indian astronomy is thought to have originated from the Vedas. The use of astrology in Vedang literature was based on the principles of astronomy. Indian scientist Aryabhatta told the circular shape of the Earth and the principle of circling on its axis. After that, the famous German astronomer Copernicus give this theory. Brahmagupta confirmed the Earth's gravitational theory even before Sir Isaac Newton. People of Harappan culture are familiar with geometry. The brick formation, construction of buildings, cutting off roads at right angles are proof that people of that period knew geometry.

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