The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India- First Edition, Volume- IX, Part- I

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India is one of the few countries which have taken major strides towards establishing the pharmacopoeial standards of its traditional medicines of ancient origin For ensuring the manufacturing of the quality drugs the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940, was amendment in 1964 to bring within the range of its operation and Rules there under. This has led necessary to work out standards of Ayurvedic drugs under the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India.

2 The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia is a book of standards narrating the quality of preferred drugs that are manufactured, distributed and sold by licensed drug manufacturers. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia Committee (APC) under the Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India has already published standards for more than 550 single drugs and 152 classical compound formulations. This Pharmacopoeia activity is continuing with the addition of new monographs as ongoing processes of the APC.

3. The present Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, Part-1, Vol IX comprises of 45 monographs on the most frequently used plant drugs with standards of source plant. Hydro alcoholic extracts and aqueous extracts with their chromatographic finger print. The work carried out for this volume is of high scientific quality and will provide guidelines for the different groups of stakeholders in the use of plants including preparation and standardization of medicinal plant extracts, drugs etc. The work comprised in this volume is accomplished by different participating institutions under APC project.

4 I deeply appreciate the efforts of the participating institutions, Prof. S. S Handa, Chairman Scientific Body, PCIM&H, Prof VK Joshi, Chairman and the members of the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia Committee, Prof. K. S. Dhiman, Director General, CCRAS, Dr. M. M Padhi, Deputy Director General, CCRAS and former Director 1/c, PCIM, and Dr. Rajeev Kr. Sharma. Director, PCIM&H and the entire team to bring out this volume of Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India.

5 I am confident that this Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, Part-1, Volume-1X will be of great utility to all the stakeholders involved in the quality control of Ayurvedic Drugs.

India has a living tradition of use of plants as food, fodder and medicine since ancient times. The rational use of plants as medicine is found in Charaka Samhita and Sushruta Samhita dated back to 1000 BCE in India as well other parts of the world, the plant based medicine has gained increased acceptance, which has drawn the attention of the Government organizations and World Health Organization to provide quality standard drugs to the consumers.

The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia committee under the Ministry of AYUSH is working for quality standard in this field and the present volume in the series of already published 8 volumes contains quality standards of 15 plants with their monographs on the single drug, the hydro-alcoholic extract and water extract. Thus, total 45 monographs are contained in this present volume.

Each monograph is titled with the classical name of the plant with its synonyms in Sanskrit and the regional language names, following this, description of the useful parts) of the plant with illustrated powder microscopy, thin layer chromatography. Heavy metal limits, microbial contamination, pesticide residue, aflatoxins, liquid chromatography etc. has been scientifically presented.

It is believed that the current volume similar to the previous Volume-Vill would be of immense interest to the Ayurvedic drug industry, academicians and research. Organizations and others.

The Ayurvedic system of medicine is prevalent in India since the Vedic period and as early and down of human civilization. Though Ayurveda has undergone many changes in the course of its long history, it’s the mainstay of medical relief to a large section of population of the nation. Due to urbanization and dwindling of forests, vandya by and large is no longer self-contained unit collecting and preparing his own medicines as before He has now to depend on the newly developed agencies like one collecting and supplying the crude drugs and the Other undertaking mass production of medicines in the Ayurvedic pharmaceutical units run on commercial scale In view of the new trend in Ayurvedic pharmaceutical field, Government of India considered it expedient to utilize the existing Drugs and Cosmetics Act 1940, to also control to a limited measure the Ayurvedic, Siddha and Unani drugs by amending the Act

The act was accordingly amended in 1964, to ensure only a limited control over the production and sale of these medicines namely.

1) The manufacture should be carried under prescribed hygienic conditions, under supervision of a person having a prescribed qualification,

ii) The raw materials used in the preparation of drugs should be genuine and properly identified and

iii) The formula or the true list of all the ingredients, contained in the drugs, should be displayed on the label of every container.

The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia Committee, (APC) constituted under the erstwhile Department of AYUSH (vide letter No. 5-5/CCRAS-2006/Tech/APC/Hqrs dated 12 March, 2009) Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India initiated the exercise on present volume. This Pharmacopoeia Committee included Prof S. S. Handa (Chairman), Dr. S. K. Sharma (Vice Chairman), Dr. G. S. Lavekar (Member Secretary until February 2010) and Dr. Ramesh Babu Devalla (Member Secretary) and other eminent experts in respective fields. The work was further carried out under auspices of PCIM&H and duly approved by its Governing Body.

**Contents and Sample Pages**