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"At first the available colors are ground on a stone slab (by rubbing or grounding) to bring them in a powder form. Some artists use mortar and pestle of a very hard quality stone. Then that color is dissolved in water along with some gum and then filtered. The filtration process is continued till the color becomes totally earth or sand free. Thereafter water is removed and the color is dried and kept in form of balls. When required, the desired color along with some dry gum is dissolved slowly in water with the help of finger or thumb.'

The Mughal miniature is known for setting a vast and intricate story within a very small frame. This means that the subjects- human, natural, and architectural elements with all their details were drawn with precision. Everything, from a line to shading of the subjects was to be done with a steady hand because the miniature would be effective only if all the visual components were sharp and clear. To draw a perfect miniature, the artist had to pick the perfect brush. "In Sanskrit the word Tulika is used for brushes. The artists in their ordinary language call it Kalam. It is worthwhile noting here that the different styles of paintings are also called as Kalam, viz. - Bundi Kalam, Kangra Kalam, Shah Kalam, etc. Kalams of different thicknesses are chiefly prepared for different types of works and from different types of bristles. The thick or medium size Kalam is required to fill colors in the painting."